Whether you’re a caretaker full-time or part-time, for a loved one or as part of your job, caring for someone with dementia can be a very difficult task. It is helpful to understand what dementia is in order to do the best job possible in caring for them. Dementia is a blanket term for the type of brain disease but there are several different types. The most common is Alzheimer’s disease, which is caused by protein deposits (plaque) and nerve cell damage in the brain. This form of dementia causes people to forget conversations, names and events; have impaired judgment and communication; disorientation; confusion and overall behavior changes.
Some things to expect and tips on how to handle dementia behaviors:
Confusion and disorientation: Not quite understanding where they are, or who you or others are. Often people with dementia forget that their spouse or other loved ones have passed away, forget what city they are in, what they were doing, or become suspicious of those around them.
Tip: Calmly remind them of what is happening. Use phrases like “I’m just here to help” and “You’re okay.” Remind them that they are safe, ask if there is anything you can do for them. Sometimes something simple, like a hug or a handshake, can really be soothing.
Frequently asking the same questions.
Tip: Answer truthfully and calmly with simple, short answers. If the patient is fixated on one topic or is repeating the same question, sometimes it is helpful to re-direct their attention to a new topic. Try phrases like “Hm, I’m not sure right now,” and change the topic to something pleasant, current, and relevant (for example, pointing out a pretty bird outside, or a shirt they are wearing—pay them a compliment!).
Angry outbursts and accusations.
Tip: Remember that most anger is not directed at you: it is their disease speaking. Try your best to not take any rude words or expressions personally and remember to keep a calm voice as much as you are able. Responding with anger often only heightens the situation.
Sundowning: Typically occurring in the early evening and as the sun goes down, this is when symptoms of confusion and irritation may increase drastically. Sundowning is more moderate in some people than others, but for some it can be an almost daily dramatic event. Common presentations are outbursts of anger and irrational thinking; confusion and yelling; and sometimes even physical assault.
Tips: Always keeping in mind that the person is not mad at you, here are some ways to react to the person who is sundowning, or in general when your patient is upset:
- Speak in a low, non-accusatory voice.
- Speak slowly and clearly.
- Agree with them as much as possible.
- Ask if they need anything.
- Reassure them that everything is okay.
- Sometimes: leave the room and come back, which helps reset the conversation.
Always keep in mind that being a caregiver for someone with dementia is very important and generous work. Thank you and remind yourself that you are doing a good job!
Click here to explore how Eldercare Services can help you to safely and capably manage Dementia symptoms in your loved one.
by Michelle Kicherer of www.BananaPitch.com